RWANDA - Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis and Nutrition Survey 2009

Reference ID

RWA-NISR-CFSVA&NS-2009-v01

Year

2009

Country

RWANDA

Producer(s)

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda - Ministry of Economics Planification and Finance

Sponsor(s)

World Food Programme - WFP - Financial support
United Nations’ Children Fund-Rwanda - UNICEF Rwanda - Financial support
World Vision Rwanda - - Financial support
ONE UN Fund - - Financial support
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundatio

Metadata

Documentation in PDF

Created on

Aug 01, 2012

Last modified

Aug 01, 2012

Page views

828592

Documentation

Download the questionnaires, technical documents and reports that describe the survey process and the key results for this study.

Questionnaires

Rwanda 2009-Comprehensive Food Security Assessment and Nutrition Survey

32.81 MB

Author(s)

United Nations' Children Fund-Rwanda

Date

2009-07-01

Country

Rwanda

Language

English

Contributor(s)

United Nations' Children Fund-Rwanda World Food Programme

Publisher(s)

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda

Description

Household'CFS&NS 2009

Download

HH Questionnaire_Rwanda 2009 CFSVA & Nutrition Survey _English__FINAL.pdf

Reports

Rwanda Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis and Nutrition Survey

6.93 MB

Author(s)

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda

Date

2009-07-01

Country

Rwanda

Language

English

Contributor(s)

World Food Programme , United Nations’ Children Fund-Rwanda

Publisher(s)

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda

Description

This file contains the report of Comprehensive Food Security and Nutrition Survey published by NISR and World Food Programme in July 2009.

Table of contents

Foreword ......................................................................................................................... 4
Table of Contents .............................................................................................................6
Acronyms .......................................................................................................................10
Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... 11
1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 17
2. CFSVA Objectives and Methodology ....................................................................... 18
Objectives ............................................................................................................... 18
Conceptual Framework and Definitions ........................................................................ 18
Methodology ............................................................................................................ 21
Sampling Strategy ..................................................................................................... 21
Instruments .............................................................................................................. 22
Data Entry and Analysis ............................................................................................. 23
Methodology: Food Consumption Score ........................................................................ 24
Limitations ................................................................................................................ 24
2009 RWANDA CFSVA and Nutrition Survey Results ...................................................... 26
3. Human and Social Capital ...................................................................................... 26
Demographics .......................................................................................................... 26
Education ................................................................................................................ 27
Health ..................................................................................................................... 29
Migration and Displacement ....................................................................................... 29
4. Natural Capital ....................................................................................................... 31
Agricultural Production .............................................................................................. 31
Climate .................................................................................................................... 31
Productive Land ......................................................................................................... 31
Crops ....................................................................................................................... 32
Duration of Harvest ................................................................................................... 33
Seeds and Agricultural Inputs ..................................................................................... 34
Livestock Ownership ................................................................................................. 35
5. Physical Capital ..................................................................................................... 37
Housing and Amenities .............................................................................................. 37
Housing Structure, and Lighting and Cooking Energy Sources ......................................... 37
Water and Sanitation ................................................................................................. 37
Communication Infrastructures ................................................................................... 38
Asset Ownership and Wealth Index ............................................................................. 38
6. ECONOMIC Capital and Livelihood Strategies ........................................................ 41
Income and Activities ................................................................................................ 41
Income and Activities ................................................................................................. 41
Seasonality and Distribution of the Activities ................................................................. 42
Temporary Migration, Transfer and Remittances ............................................................ 42
Livelihood Strategies Profiles ...................................................................................... 44
Expenditures ............................................................................................................ 50
Food and Non-Food Expenditures ................................................................................ 50
Expenditure Quintiles ................................................................................................. 52
Credit, Cash and Exchange ......................................................................................... 53
7. Food Consumption ................................................................................................. 55
Diet Diversity and Food Sources ................................................................................. 55
Diet diversity ............................................................................................................ 55
Food sources ............................................................................................................. 57
Household Food Consumption Score ............................................................................ 58
Food Consumption Score and Groups ........................................................................... 58
Food Consumption Patterns ........................................................................................ 59
Food Consumption Groups ......................................................................................... 60
Geographic distribution of food consumption groups ...................................................... 60
Changes in food consumption 2006-2009 ..................................................................... 61
Food consumption groups and livelihood strategies ........................................................ 62
Other characteristics associated with food consumption groups ....................................... 63
8. Health and Nutrition .............................................................................................. 65
Hygiene and Child Care Practices ................................................................................ 65
Water and Sanitation ................................................................................................. 65
Child Breastfeeding and Care Practices ......................................................................... 67
Women’s Nutritional Status ........................................................................................ 68
Women’s Body Mass Index ......................................................................................... 68
Children’s Health Status ............................................................................................ 70
Children’s Nutritional Status ....................................................................................... 71
9. Risk and Vulnerability Context ............................................................................... 74
Risk and Vulnerability Approach .................................................................................. 74
Shocks .................................................................................................................... 74
Reported Shocks ....................................................................................................... 74
Droughts .................................................................................................................. 75
Illnesses ................................................................................................................... 78
Food Prices ............................................................................................................... 78
Community level reported problems ............................................................................. 79
Coping strategies ...................................................................................................... 80
Assistance ............................................................................................................... 82
Food Assistance ......................................................................................................... 82
Non-Food Assistance .................................................................................................. 83
10. Underlying Causes of Food Insecurity and Malnutrition ......................................... 84
Underlying causes of food insecurity ........................................................................... 84
Underlying causes of malnutrition ............................................................................... 86
11. Conclusions and Recommendations ....................................................................... 89
Food Security and Malnutrition Summary profiles ......................................................... 89
Livelihood Strategy Priorities ....................................................................................... 89
Geographic Priorities .................................................................................................. 91
Other Priority Factors ................................................................................................. 94
Population Estimates for the Highly Food Insecure and Vulnerable Groups ........................ 94
Recommendations and Interventions........................................................................... 96
12. Annexes ................................................................................................................. 97
List of Tables
Table 1: Food Items, Groups and Weights for Calculation of the FCS ....................................... 24
Table 2: Household Composition and Dependency Rate ......................................................... 27
Table 3: Literacy and Education Levels ................................................................................ 28
Table 4: Community level experience of migration/movement. ............................................... 30
Table 5: Crop cultivated 2006-2009 .................................................................................... 33
Table 6: Duration of harvest (months) by strata ................................................................... 34
Table 7: Animal ownership (% of HH) .................................................................................. 36
Table 8: Community level characteristics of temporary/seasonal migrations ............................. 43
Table 9: Livelihood Groups ................................................................................................. 45
Table 10: Characteristics of Livelihood Groups ...................................................................... 47
Table 11: Characteristics of expenditure quintiles .................................................................. 53
Table 12: Credit characteristics by livelihood groups .............................................................. 54
Table 13: Food items consumption by food consumption groups ............................................. 58
Table 14: Food consumption by food consumption patterns .................................................... 60
Table 15: Household characteristics associated with food consumption .................................... 64
Table 16: Water and Sanitation – Children Data .................................................................... 66
Table 17: Child breastfeeding and care practices (% of children) ............................................ 67
Table 18: Measles Vaccination and Vitamin A supplement, 2005-2009 ..................................... 68
Table 19: Women’s malnutrition indicators by province .......................................................... 69
Table 20: Child health ....................................................................................................... 70
Table 21: Symptoms of Diarrhea 2005-2009 ........................................................................ 71
Table 22: Children’s nutrition indicators, 2005-2009 .............................................................. 72
Table 23: Child nutrition by livelihood, wealth index and FCS ................................................. 73
Table 24: Exposure to shocks ............................................................................................. 75
Table 25: Level of exposure to drought ................................................................................ 77
Table 26: Vulnerability to food insecurity as a result of drought (% of HH) ............................... 77
Table 27: Community level problems ................................................................................... 79
Table 28: Coping Strategies and Reduced Coping Strategies Index.......................................... 80
Table 29: Coping mechaNISRms in response to droughts ....................................................... 82
Table 30: Coping mechaNISRms in response to illness ........................................................... 82
Table 31: Adjusted food security regression coefficients for the strata ..................................... 84
Table 32: Adjusted food security regression coefficients for livelihood profiles .......................... 85
Table 33: Adjusted food security regression coefficients for other variables .............................. 85
Table 34: Adjusted coefficient for wasting - Strata ................................................................ 86
Table 35: Adjusted coefficient for wasting – Other variables ................................................... 87
Table 36: Adjusted coefficient for stunting ........................................................................... 88
Table 38: Relation of adjusted variables and food security and malnutrition ............................. 94
List of Figures
Figure 1: Food and Nutrition Security Conceptual Framework ................................................. 19
Figure 2: Geographic distribution of the strata ...................................................................... 22
Figure 3: Sample and Demographic Characteristics by Strata (CFSVA 2009) ............................ 26
Figure 4: Frequency distribution of school attendance ............................................................ 28
Figure 5: Climate and Cropping Seasons Calendar ................................................................. 31
Figure 6: Proportion of households with access to <0.1 ha of land .......................................... 32
Figure 7: Geographic Distribution of Major Crops (% of cultivating households) ........................ 33
Figure 8: Proportion of households with stocks from their harvest, by months .......................... 34
Figure 9: Average Household TLU per strata ......................................................................... 35
Figure 10: Geographic Distribution of Wealth Quintiles (% of HH) ........................................... 38
Figure 11: Physical Capital Indicators and Wealth Index Quintiles ........................................... 39
Figure 12: Seasonality of Livelihood Activities ....................................................................... 42
Figure 13: Activities Contribution to Livelihood (%) by Livelihood Groups ................................. 46
Figure 14: Average Income (RWF) by Activity and Livelihood Groups ....................................... 46
Figure 15: Geographic Distribution of the Main Livelihood Groups ........................................... 49
Figure 16: Food and non-food expenditures by livelihood and wealth groups ............................ 51
Figure 17: Composition of total and food expenditures .......................................................... 52
Figure 18: Food items consumption ..................................................................................... 55
Figure 19: Food items consumption by livelihood profiles ....................................................... 56
Figure 20: Food items consumption by wealth quintiles ......................................................... 56
Figure 21: Food items consumption by strata ....................................................................... 57
Figure 22: Food sources ..................................................................................................... 58
Figure 23: Food items consumption by food consumption score .............................................. 59
Figure 24: Geographic distribution of food consumption groups (CFSVA 2006-2009) ................. 61
Figure 25: Food consumption 2006-2009 ............................................................................. 61
Figure 26: Food consumption groups and livelihood strategies ................................................ 62
Figure 27: Food Consumption Groups by Wealth Quintiles ...................................................... 64
Figure 28: Age-gender distribution of children ...................................................................... 65
Figure 29: Women’s BMI by province ................................................................................... 69
Figure 30: Children’s nutrition indicators by province ............................................................. 72
Figure 31: Nutrition status by age groups ............................................................................ 73
Figure 32: Seasonal distribution of drought .......................................................................... 76
Figure 32: Drought Risk Analysis (WRSI for maize, 1996-2008) .............................................. 76
Figure 33: Seasonal distribution of illnesses ......................................................................... 78
Figure 34: Food prices over time ......................................................................................... 78

Download

CFSVA report 2009_1.pdf