RWANDA - Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis 2015

central
Reference ID RWA-NISR-CFSVA-2015-v01
Year 2015
Country RWANDA
Producer(s) National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda - Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning
Sponsor(s) World Food Programme - WFP - Financial support
ONE UN - ONE UN - Financial support
Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation - SDC - Financial support
UK's Department for International Developemt - DFID - Financial support
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Jun 15, 2016
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Documentation

Download the questionnaires, technical documents and reports that describe the survey process and the key results for this study.
Questionnaires
Village Key Informant Questionnaire for CFSVA 2015
pdf   833.66 KB

Author(s) World Food Programme, Rwanda
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) WFP
Description This is the questionnaire for village key informant used during the survey
Download q-cfsva-2015-village-key-informant.pdf
Household Questionnaire for CFSVA2015
pdf   2.04 MB

Author(s) World Food Programme,Rwanda
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) WFP
Description This is the household questionnaire used during CFSVA 2015
Download q-cfsva-2015-household.pdf
Mother,Child and Nutrition Questionnaire for CFSVA 2015
pdf   438.86 KB

Author(s) WFP
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) WFP
Description This is Mother,Child and Nutrition Questionnaire used during CFSVA 2015
Download q-cfsva-2015-mother-and-child-nutrition.pdf
Reports
Rwanda 2015 comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis Report
pdf   4.21 MB

Author(s) WFP,NISR,MINAGRI
Date 2016-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) WFP,NISR,MINAGRI
Description This is the final report for CFSVA 2015
Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of figures, tables and maps........................................................................................................ iv
Figures ........................................................................................................................................... iv
Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi
Maps .............................................................................................................................................. vii
Acronyms and abbreviations.............................................................................................................viii
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ x
Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ xii
Key findings ..................................................................................................................................... 2
1. Background ............................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Macro-economic context ................................................................................................... 6
1.2 Social and development context ........................................................................................ 7
1.3 Poverty levels ..................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Income equality ................................................................................................................. 8
1.5 Gender ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 Government development polices ..................................................................................... 8
1.6.1 Vision 2020 ................................................................................................................. 8
1.6.2 Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategies (EDPRS 1 and 2) ................ 9
1.7 Food security trends......................................................................................................... 10
2. Rationale and objectives ......................................................................................................... 11
3. Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 The food security and nutritional conceptual framework ................................................. 12
3.2 Food security concepts ..................................................................................................... 13
3.2.1 Food security ............................................................................................................ 13
3.2.2 Nutritional status and nutritional security ................................................................ 13
3.3 Primary data collection .................................................................................................... 13
3.3.1 Food security indicators............................................................................................ 14
3.4 Secondary data collection ................................................................................................ 16
3.5 Study limitations .............................................................................................................. 16
3.5.1 Sample sizes ............................................................................................................. 16
3.5.2 Comparison with previous CFSVA surveys ................................................................. 16
4. Food availability, markets and production .............................................................................. 17
4.1 Domestic food production ................................................................................................ 17
4.2 Food stocks ...................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 Market environment and trade ........................................................................................ 20
4.3.1 Import/exports ......................................................................................................... 20
4.4 Market access, market dependence and purchasing behaviour of households ................. 22
4.4.1 Household market participation ............................................................................... 22
4.4.2 Physical access to market ......................................................................................... 25
4.4.3 Household Food access issues .................................................................................. 26
4.4.1 Terms of trade .......................................................................................................... 27
4.5 Market performance ........................................................................................................ 27
4.5.1 General trade flows .................................................................................................. 27
4.5.2 CPI/Inflation ............................................................................................................. 29
4.5.3 Price trends and seasonality analysis ........................................................................ 29
4.5.4 Price anomalies ........................................................................................................ 31
4.5.5 Market integration analysis ...................................................................................... 31
5. The state of food security in Rwanda ...................................................................................... 33
5.1 Household food security .................................................................................................. 33
5.1.1 Food consumption .................................................................................................... 38
5.1.2 Household dietary diversity ...................................................................................... 40
5.1.3 Nutritional value of food items consumed ................................................................ 41
5.2 Food security based on the Food Consumption Score ....................................................... 44
6. Who are the food insecure? .................................................................................................... 46
6.1 Household demographics ................................................................................................. 46
6.2 Characteristics of household head .................................................................................... 47
6.3 Wealth and poverty ......................................................................................................... 48
6.3.1 Expenditures ............................................................................................................ 48
6.3.2 Wealth index ............................................................................................................ 50
6.4 Livelihoods activities ........................................................................................................ 52
6.4.1 Characteristics of livelihood groups in terms of food security ................................... 55
6.5 Location of household ...................................................................................................... 60
6.6 Farming practices and food security ................................................................................. 61
6.6.1 Livestock ownership ................................................................................................. 61
6.6.2 Size of agricultural land owned ................................................................................. 63
6.6.3 Number of crops grown ............................................................................................ 64
6.6.4 Stock duration .......................................................................................................... 64
6.6.5 Use of agricultural production .................................................................................. 65
6.6.6 Vegetable gardens .................................................................................................... 65
7. Nutrition status in children and women.................................................................................. 66
7.1 Nutritional status in children ............................................................................................ 66
7.2 Child food consumption ................................................................................................... 69
7.3 Women's nutritional status .............................................................................................. 70
7.4 Food consumption among women ................................................................................... 71
8. Factors related to malnutrition in children ............................................................................. 73
8.1 Individual and immediate factors related to malnutrition ................................................. 73
8.1.1 Mothers' education and nutritional status ................................................................ 73
8.1.2 Child sex, size at birth and age .................................................................................. 74
8.1.3 Child illness .............................................................................................................. 75
8.2 Community and household level factors related to malnutrition ...................................... 75
8.2.1 Hygiene .................................................................................................................... 75
8.2.2 Water and sanitation ................................................................................................ 76
8.2.3 Wealth and food security status of the household .................................................... 77
8.3 Overlap of food insecurity and stunting by livelihood zone ............................................... 79
8.3.1 Convergence of food insecurity and malnutrition by district ..................................... 80
9. Shocks and household vulnerability to food insecurity ........................................................... 81
9.1 Shocks affecting the food security situation ..................................................................... 81
9.1.1 Type of Shocks affecting households in Rwanda ....................................................... 82
9.1.2 Shock impact and recovery ....................................................................................... 88
9.1.3 HouseholdS' strategies to cope with specific shocks ................................................. 88
9.2 Reduced coping strategies index ...................................................................................... 88
9.3 Asset depletion and livelihood coping strategies .............................................................. 92
10. Assistance ........................................................................................................................... 94
10.1 Social protection policy .................................................................................................... 94
10.2 Social protection programmes ......................................................................................... 94
10.3 Assistance received by households ................................................................................... 96
10.3.1 Providers of assistance ............................................................................................. 97
10.3.2 Households targeted for assistance .......................................................................... 98
10.3.3 Assistance from friends and relatives and remittances ............................................. 99
10.3.4 Likelihood of households taking loans....................................................................... 99
11. Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 101
12. Recommendations ............................................................................................................ 105
13. References ........................................................................................................................ 113
14. Annexes (Included in the CD-ROM) ................................................................................... 114
Download cfsva-2015-final-report-v01.pdf
Technical documents
Detailed Methodology for CFSVA 2015
pdf   116.5 KB

Author(s) WFP,NISR,MINAGRI
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Description This is The detailed Methodology used for CFSVA 2015
Download cfsva-2015-detailed- methodology.pdf
Definitions and Computations of Key Indicators from CFSVA 2015
pdf   151.62 KB

Author(s) WFP,NISR,MINAGRI
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) WFP,NISR,MINAGRI
Description This document describes the definitions and methods of computation used for CFSVA 2015
Download cfsva-2015-definitions- and-computation- of main-indicators.pdf
Agatabo ko Gukusanya Amakuru
pdf   1.26 MB

Author(s) NISR, WFP, MINAGRI
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language Kinyarwanda
Publisher(s) NISR, WFP, MINAGRI
Description This is the enumerator's manual for the survey
Table of contents Ibirimo
Inyito mu magambo ahinnye ........................................................................................................................ 4
Intego .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Imyifatire iboneye iranga ushinzwe ibarura n'uburyo bunoze bwo gukusanya amakuru ............................ 7
Uko ibiganiro bigenda ................................................................................................................................. 8
Kugena agaciro gashingiye ku bintu bifatika ................................................................................................. 8
Uko wamenya imyaka y'usubiza ibibazo ...................................................................................................... 9
Ubwoko bw'ifaranga rikoreshwa ................................................................................................................ 10
Ibyiciro byo guhitamo ingo zikorwaho ubushakashatsi .............................................................................. 10
Guhitamo ingo mu mudugudu .................................................................................................................... 11
Gusobanura ibibazo .................................................................................................................................. 11
Ibibazo byagenewe urugo .....................................................................................................................12
Igika cya 1 1: Imiterere y'abagize urugo ................................................................................................ 12
Igika cya 2: Imiterere y'amazu n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo. ..................................................................... 14
Igika cya 3: Ibibabeshaho ........................................................................................................................ 15
Igika cya 4: Umutungo w'urugo harimo n'umutungo tanga umusaruro ................................................ 17
Igika cya 5: Umusaruro w'ubuhinzi ......................................................................................................... 19
Igika cya 6: Abimuka n'amafaranga boherereza urugo .......................................................................... 21
Igika cya 7: Inkomoko y'inguzanyo ......................................................................................................... 21
Igika cya 8: Amafaranga urugo rukoresha .............................................................................................. 21
Igika cya 9: Ibiribwa byariwe hamwe n'aho byaturutse ......................................................................... 21
Igika cya 10: Ingamba zo mu bihe bikomeye .......................................................................................... 22
Igika cya 11: Ibiza n'ingorane .................................................................................................................. 22
Igika cya 12: Inkunga na gahunda zo hanze zifasha urugo ..................................................................... 23
Icyiciro kivuga ku mirire ........................................................................................................ 23 3

Igika 0 - Kigomba kuzuzwa n'umukarani w'ibarura ............................................................................... 23
Igika cya 1: Imibereho n'imirire y'abagore ............................................................................................. 23
Igika cya 2: Ubuzima, imirire n'imibereho by'abana .............................................................................. 24
Gupima uburemere bw'umwana ............................................................................................................ 25
Uburyo umwana apimwa uburebure (kuva ku mezi atandatu kugera kuri 24) ...................................... 25
Uburyo umwana apimwa uburebure (ufite amezi 24 cg ayarengeje) .................................................... 27
Uko gupima umuzenguruko w'ukuboko bikorwa ................................................................................... 29
IBIBAZO KU RWEGO RW'UMUDUGUDU ..................................................................................................... 33
Abagize itsinda: ................................................................................................................................. 33
Igika cya 0: Kigomba kuzuzwa n'umukarani w'ibarura ........................................................................... 33
Imiterere y'ingo zigize umudugudu ........................................................................................................ 33
Ibikorwa remezo byubatse mu mudugudu ............................................................................................. 34
Amasoko ............................................................................................................................................... 34
Ingengabihe y'ibihingwa ......................................................................................................................... 36
Imishinga itanga imfashanyo .................................................................................................................. 36
Ibiza ....................................................................................................................................................... 36
Umigereka ................................................................................................................................................. 37
Ibisobanuro by'amagambo ..................................................................................................................... 37
Download cfsva-2015-enumerator-manual-kiny.pdf
Other materials
Data Collection Manual
pdf   1.43 MB

Author(s) NISR, WFP,MINAGRI
Date 2015-03-01
Country Rwanda
Language English
Publisher(s) NISR, MINAGRI,WFP
Description This is the data collection manual used during CFSVA 2015
Table of contents CONTENTS
Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Objective ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Good enumerator habits and effective data collection techniques ............................................................. 6
Interacting with the respondent ............................................................................................................... 6
Interview setting ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Estimating In-Kind Values ......................................................................................................................... 7
Determining the age of a respondent ....................................................................................................... 7
Adults .................................................................................................................................................. 7
Children ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Currency Units......................................................................................................................................... 8
Steps to the selection of households to be interviewed .............................................................................. 9
Selection of Households within a Village .................................................................................................. 9
Questions' description ............................................................................................................................... 11
Household questionnaire ........................................................................................................................ 12
Section 0: to be completed by the enumerator ................................................................................. 12
Section 1: Demographics .................................................................................................................... 12
Section2: Housing and facilities .......................................................................................................... 13
Section 3: Livelihoods ......................................................................................................................... 14
Section 4: Household assets and productive assets ........................................................................... 16
Section 5: Agricultural production ...................................................................................................... 18
Section 6: Migration and remittances ................................................................................................ 19
Section 7: Sources of credit ................................................................................................................ 19
Section 8: Expenditures ...................................................................................................................... 19
Section 9: Food consumption and sources ......................................................................................... 20
Section 10: Coping strategies .............................................................................................................. 20
Section 11: Shocks and food security ................................................................................................. 21
Section 12: External assistance / Programme participation ............................................................... 21
Nutrition module .................................................................................................................................. 22
Section 0 - to be completed by enumerator ...................................................................................... 22
Section 1: Maternal health and nutrition .......................................................................................... 22
Section 2: Child health, nutrition and feeding practices .................................................................... 23
47-51 Nutrition measurements for children ....................................................................................... 23
IYCFP only for children between 6 and 24 months ............................................................................. 27
Village questionnaire .............................................................................................................................. 30
Group composition: ............................................................................................................................ 30
Section 0: to be completed by the enumerator ................................................................................. 30
Demographic and Community Type information ............................................................................... 30
Community infrastructure .................................................................................................................. 31
Markets ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Crop calendar .................................................................................................................................... 32
Assistance projects .............................................................................................................................. 32
Shocks ............................................................................................................................................... 33
Annexes-key terms................................................................................................................................ 34
Definitions ......................................................................................................................................... 34
Download cfsva-2015-enumerator-manual-eng.pdf

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